The Achievement of Global Food Security Free-Samples for Students

Question: Write a Persuasive Values-Driven argument to make a real Contribution to the achievement of Global Food Security. Answer: Introduction The global population is today increasingly rising at an alarming rate. This trend is attributable to many factors. The growth in population is, however, not accompanied by an equivalent rise in global food supply. Subsequently, while population grows increasingly, many countries of the world do not have enough buffer food stocks to cater for the population. Both international and local news media platforms have become common platforms of highlighting the plight of starving people in different parts of the world. While global humanitarians Agencies sometimes have respondent positively to this fate, their support may not sufficiently cater for the plight of the large population that suffers from food insecurity. The issue of food insecurity should be combated from all angles, and, therefore, demands a concerted effort from all concerned quarters of the world. Many of the food Relief agencies operate under the umbrella of the United Nations. Still, some operate under the auspices of re ligious organizations. The operations of this latter category are limited by the scope and geographical areas. Subsequently, the plight of the majority of the food-deficient population remains unattended. Whether these agencies will adequately feed the rising number of the starving population remains elusive. The only solution available in tackling this menace is through bringing to the table all other global enterprises. In line with ethical business practices, notably the Corporate Social Responsibility, all businesses should give back to the society. It is equally observable that although all businesses have a responsibility of making a real contribution to the achievement of global food security, they are unable to do so effectively because of the dynamics of capitalism. Notable is the fact that the interrelationship between food safety and social responsibility is broken as companies must fulfill social and legal duties while producing both safe foods and sustaining their busin esses(Poetz, 2013). This paper, therefore, attempts to bring to the fore why businesses have this responsibility, but which is tied by capitalism dynamics. An Overview According to FAO, global food security refers to a situation that exists when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life (Henneberry, 2014). It, therefore, implies that the world is secure of food when every individual has a continuous and sustainable access to enough and nutritious food. It is, however, evident that the global level of food security, as measured by the Global Food Security Index, GFSI, may only seem theoretical to many because of the complexity of the parameters applied in its computation. Therefore, owing to differing living standards across the globe, deficiency of certain nutrients in the diets of the poor may not count as food insecurity. This means that the quality of diet is nothing to mind about among the poor, as long as the food quantity is sufficient enough to offer the physical satisfaction. In the computation of the GFSI, the Economist Intelligence Unit considers the core issues of affordability, food quality, and availability across one hundred and seven developed and developing countries. As aforementioned, food security as a holistic concept encompasses all matters regarding food availability, access, utilization, and stability. A state that is food secure has its total food supply equaling its actual food demand. These two parameters, food supply, and food demand are apparently perceived in both quantitative and qualitative dimensions. While food supply, in this case, includes variables like production, exports, imports, and changes in public stock, food demand considers food for feeding, seeding, manufacturing, and the amount wasted to post-harvest loss. The question to address, therefore, is whether countries of the world have institutionalized the framework that would assure food security. As this paper looks into the countries, attention should be borne by the reader to the fact that a country is perceived as a comprehensive system of the entire government and all businesses registered by its citizens. This would exclude companies registered by noncitizens becau se they are not entirely and legally answerable to the government of the country they operate. It would be prudent to examine current global commercial practices and how they impact on the issue of food security. Today, all blame on causes of health problems lies squarely on companies and corporate activities(Tempels, 2017). Capitalism has rendered almost the entire activities of these companies to run for profits, even at the expense of human health. This trend in the amplification of capitalism has more so been pronounced with the demise of state socialism(Lawson, 2017). Multinational food and beverage companies play a significant role in determining the diet of the global population. Companies should practice capitalism within limits of health and sustainability. In this regard, all governments, civil societies, individuals, and businesses should adopt forward-looking responsibilities on all food matters. Such initiatives would check the consumption, and, therefore, the health status and food security level on a global platform. In this way, they should help alleviate socia l problems they have created themselves(Saiia, 2012). To what extent have countries of the world pursued food security? Under the global standards of classification, there are three categories of countries: the developed, the second-world, and the emerging economies. Global Population Momentum In his 1968 book, Paul R. Ehrlich, an entomologist at Stanford University lamented that by the year 2050, the rapid population growth would surpass the production of food and other resources, with subsequent deaths of millions due to famine(Hvistendahl, 2016). Some years after Ehrlichs lamentations, the green revolution somewhat brought down the issue of food insecurity. On the other hand, the rising birth rates were combated by a mixture of economic development and access to both family planning and education. However, as of today, although the global growth rate is declining, billions are still adding to the human population. While the United Nation projects the world population to have reached 9.7 billion by 2050, the important nuances about this are arguably in the realization that half of this current population growth will occur in nine countries of which five are in Africa. The available UN statistics estimate that the global human population of those aged from sixty years and over will more than double in thirty-four years, primarily due to the increasing lifespan among the industrial world. Further projections allude that those aged from eighty years, a majority of whom will be in Europe, will triple. Demographic figures put that those aged sixty years and above will account for one-third of the entire global human population. Going by these demographic projections, we can infer a lot of implications on global food security. To support the thesis statement, this paper will begin by giving a bottom-line synopsis of the issue of food safety. In his proposal, Essay on the Principle of Population, Thomas Robert Malthus argued that whereas human populations grow exponentially, food production increases arithmetically(Cgge, 2011). Accordingly, these unmatched growth rates in the two parameters would subsequently lead to a situation of food insecurity. Under the Malthusian disposition, he assumed that the supply of land remained fixed while productivity is subject to improvements in technology. With this n mind, coupled with the current trend in global population growth, then it automatically becomes apparent that all world bodies designated with accounting food matters must address this subject. Besides the designated global bodies and countries of the world, all businesses should come on board. A justification of the inclusion of all firms on the board of addressing food insecurity problem can well be understood when the ethical role of businesses is brought to the fore. The global economy has a variety of businesses that operate in different forms. While some pursue their goals as state corporations, the majority are under private proprietorship. Still, there are those that function as Non-Governmental Organizations, Humanitarian Agencies, and affiliates of renowned global bodies such as the United Nations. Every organization exists to pursue defined missions and goals. The scope of this paper limits the definition of the term businesses to include only privately-owned enterprises. This limitation of scope considers that all the other forms above have defined objectives that are legally defined. For that reason, it would not be prudent to discuss whether they should join hands in pursuing food security goal, because, for some, deviation from their primary activities may qu alify as ultra vires operations. The question is, are businesses across the globe ethically bound to alleviate the global food insecurity problem? This paper amicably states yes. All around the world, companies are today compelled to highlight their mission and vision statements in their profiles. It is common to find businesses profiling their involvement in Corporate Social Responsibilities over a period. For this reason, Corporate Social Responsibility imposes a social obligation on all businesses to mind the welfare of the society around which they operate. The reasons that this paper advances below justify why firms must contribute towards global food security. Justification from the Corporate Social Responsibility Perspective Apart from carrying out business operations, business entities also have other multiple responsibilities that they must pursue. That means that all businesses, whether public or private, have duties that go beyond the production of merchandise merely for profit (Saiia, 2012). These corporate social responsibilities consider the fact that a business entity operates within a social set-up, where community members are the immediate neighbors. In this regard, a business entity has a social responsibility to initiate projects that are aimed at improving the well-being of the immediate community. In broader terms, corporate social responsibilities may range from economic, legal, and ethical to philanthropic duties. Subsequently, various theories have been coined in an attempt to explore the concept of corporate social responsibility. These four approaches take the dimensions of politics, economics, ethics and social integration(Crane, 2007) The first is known as the instrumental theory. The theory looks at a business entity as a profit-making body. In this regard, it perceives profit-making as the primary social responsibility of any business entity. The theory, therefore, puts its main focus on the interaction between the business entity and the community in economic terms. Any project that is initiated by the business must be in line with the idea of wealth creation. In this aspect, the business may come up or finance diverse community-based projects, only if they help the community members to generate some income (Farmer, 2015). Although critics have argued that this theory is obsessed with profit-making, proponents sincerely hold the fact that any project initiated at the community level should be aimed at improving the socio-economic well-being of the community as a whole. When members of the community are starving, the businesses would arguably lose its clientele. An enterprise operating within a community cannot carry out development projects for the community when it is running at losses. It would, therefore, be prudent for the enterprise first to generate profits, so that it can, later on, be plowed back part of the profits it generates to the community. In this regard, such a business can undertake to develop irrigation projects that would facilitate the production of more food for the community. After all, the community could serve as the only pool of casual labor, if not permanent, for the business. Such contribution to the community welfare would equally result in improved productivity of its staff, thus profits for the company, as a result of motivation among them. A hungry and de-motivated staff only serves as passive workers. In short, theres a cyclic nature between the enterprise and the community; the business generates profits from a healthy pool of clientele and who are members of the community, through which profits it supports community projects. The second theory is known as the political theory. This theory puts much emphasis on the corporation's social power about the larger community. In this context, the business entity focuses on making a difference in the political arena. Consequently, the corporation finds itself taking social duties that are aimed at enhancing social cooperation. The main emphasis of this theory is the fact that political systems and structures are essential in shaping the social and economic well-being of the larger community(Farmer, 2015). The corporation, in this respect, works closely with the existing political and social structures in an attempt to initiate life-changing projects within the community. Any government is duty-bound to provide security to its subjects. Besides the security from physical harm, humankind is entitled to food security. For this reason, every government must maintain adequate food buffer stocks to meet emergencies. In support of these political systems and structures, businesses must render a hand to the government. Some businesses are known to support the green economy through initiating projects aimed at environmental conservation. Social cooperation is elusive in a starving community. A starving community is not at peace, and therefore, cannot purchase goods produced or sold by the enterprises. The third category consists of integrative theories. These theories note that a successful business entity requires the contribution of the larger community. The main emphasis of these theories is the relationship between the corporation and the community. In this context, the theories note that growth and expansion of any corporation depend hugely on the contribution of the community members. The community is the immediate buyer of the corporation's goods and services. The business entity, therefore, must initiate development projects that reflect its recognition of the community's role in supporting its continuity(Crane, 2007). In line with this argument, all businesses must strive to contribute to community welfare by initiating projects that would empower the community in all aspects. Whether companies empower the community economically, socially, or in whatever way such that people do not starve, it would be a good cause. The fourth group of theories is referred to as ethical theories. These theories look at the relationship between the corporation and the community in ethical terms. In this context, business entities look at corporate social responsibility as an ethical requirement(Crane, 2007). They, therefore, initiate development projects since it is the right thing to do. Helping to improve the well-being of the community members is considered to be the most ethical thing for any business entity. Helping the community, consequently, becomes an ethical obligation for any corporation. These theories require the business entities to initiate projects out of their free will. Stemming from the Corporate Social Responsibilities are many other subsidiary reasoning. On the one hand is ethics, which refers to a system of moral principles(BBC, n.d.) From a moral point of view, there are many theories that support the view that all businesses should support the goal of food sufficiency. It is here worth noting that ethical arguments are derivatives of religion, philosophy, and culture. Under these perspectives, business enterprises have a wider clientele than stockholders alone. They must delve beyond the profit-related transactions by embracing even the human aspects of human dignity(Saiia, 2012). The following ethical perspectives justify why businesses should come in handy in support of food security. Supernaturalism Under this ethical reasoning, the source of moral rules is God. Subsequently, anything that God says is good remains as so(BBC, n.d.). When we look into starvation, people suffer to death. In divinity, death is analogical of punishment. It is morally wrong to watch ones neighbor suffering; God calls upon each one of us to offer help. In the same way, businesses are called upon to offer help to the needy. For this reason, any business venture should offer assistance to guarantee food security. Under the universal norms of conduct, it is believed that all entities should regulate self -interest for the mutual advantage of all(Aristotle 1, n.d.). This calls for companies to sacrifice any activities that pursue self-interest, for the good of the entire community. Business enterprises must, therefore, come to help and salvage community members who are experiencing food insecurity. Categorical Imperative Emmanuel Kant, a philosopher, advanced an argument on the principle of morality as being enshrined on what he called Categorical Imperative, CI(R. Johnson, 2016). He argued that Categorical Imperative is a standard of rationality or the supreme principle of rationality which is objective, rationally necessary and unconditional that humankind race must embrace and follow regardless of any contrary natural desires or inclinations. According to Kant, therefore, all immoral actions are irrational because they are in transgression with the principle of Categorical Imperative. The question to answer then emerges to be, what are the criteria for categorizing an act as either moral or immoral? That is, how do we objectively determine whether an act is moral or immoral? Ethics revolve around the fundamental principles that consolidate the society as a whole(N.Tuan, 2015). In this regard, an act that would disintegrate the society is perceptively immoral, while the converse is true. Scenes of people who ever died through starvation are horrible; actually, they are an eyesore. Such scenes trigger emotions of pity. When companies amass wealth in total disregard of those suffering, it would be tantamount to perpetrating activities that do not add anything to the consolidation of the society. According to Tuan and Kant, therefore, this is immoral and irrational respectively. Failure by companies to come to the assistance of the starving would amount to the decimation of the human population in the society. Any act that leads to the deaths of people is immoral. Therefore, from a philosophical viewpoint, failure by business enterprises to assist towards guaranteeing global food security is nothing short of killing en masse. It is against Kants doctrine of Categorical Imperative. To wind up, these are the various grounds that justify reasons for commercial enterprises to offer assistance to the needy members of the society, and more so, those on the verge of death because of starvation. Such commercial ventures should initiate projects that would relief hunger and famine. Otherwise, a starving nation does not contribute to the thriving of business activities. References Aristotle 1 (n.d.). Philosophy 361. [online] Www-personal.umich.edu. Available at: https://www personal.umich.edu/~sdarwall/361a196.txt [Accessed 27 Apr. 2017]. BBC (n.d.). BBC - Ethics - Introduction to ethics: Ethics: a general introduction. [online] Bbc.co.uk. Available at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/ethics/introduction/intro_1.shtml [Accessed 27 Apr. 2017]. BUZAN, B. and LAWSON, G. (2014). Capitalism and the emergent world order. [online] Available at: https://file:///D:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/My%20Documents/Downloads/1348334_38730974_Capitalismtheemergentworldorde.pdf [Accessed 26 Apr. 2017]. Cgge (2011). Malthusian Theory of Population. [online] Cgge.aag.org. Available at: https://cgge.aag.org/PopulationandNaturalResources1e/CF_PopNatRes_Jan10/CF_PopNatRes_Jan108.html [Accessed 26 Apr. 2017]. Crane, A. and Matten, D. (2007). Corporate social responsibility. 1st ed. SAGE. Crane, A. and Matten, D. (2007). Corporate social responsibility: Corporate social responsibility in global context.. 1st ed. Los Angeles: SAGE. Farmer, R. and Hogue, W. (2015). Corporate social responsibility. 1st ed. Chicago: Science Research Associates. Henneberry, S. and Carrasco, C. (2014). Global Food Security: Emerging Economies and Diverging Food Markets.: EBSCOhost. [online] Web.a.ebscohost.com. Available at: https://web.a.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=db495e6c-7f76-44a6-9513-62b021206e89%40sessionmgr4006vid=4hid=4104 [Accessed 26 Apr. 2017]. Hvistendahl, H. and Mara (2016). A TALE OF TWO WORLDS: EBSCOhost. [online] Web.a.ebscohost.com. Available at: https://web.a.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail/detail?vid=2sid=da8e6763-e684-47a1-93bb-364643ee8f7c%40sessionmgr4008hid=4104bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#AN=118576947db=aph [Accessed 26 Apr. 2017]. Johnson, R. and Cureton, A. (2016). Kant's Moral Philosophy. [online] Plato.stanford.edu. Available at: https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/kant-moral/ [Accessed 1 May 2017]. Poetz, K., Haas, R. and Balzarova, M. (2013). CSR schemes in agribusiness: opening the black box. [online] Available at: https://file:///D:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/My%20Documents/Downloads/1348330_4158804_CSRSchemesinAgribusiness%20(1).pdf [Accessed 26 Apr. 2017]. SCHWARTZ, M. and SAIIA, D. (2012). Should Firms Go Beyond Profits? Milton Friedman versus Broad CSR. [online] Available at: https://file:///D:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/My%20Documents/Downloads/1348332_1229200045_ShouldFirmsGoBeyondProfits.pdf [Accessed 26 Apr. 2017]. Tempels, T., Verweij, M. and Blok, V. (2017). Big Foods Ambivalence: Seeking Profit and Responsibility for Health. [online] AJPH LAW ETHICS. Available at: https://file:///D:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/My%20Documents/Downloads/1348335_1898166585_BigFoodsambivalence.pdf [Accessed 26 Apr. 2017]. Tuan, N. and Shaw, C. (2015). Consideration of Ethics in Systemic Thinking.: EBSCOhost. [online] Web.b.ebscohost.com. Available at: https://web.b.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=d3d21d98-46f1-4d14-af8d-85a5a6bfcc4e%40sessionmgr102vid=8hid=125 [Accessed 26 Apr. 2017].

September 26, 2017 Essays - Religion, Culture, Cultural Anthropology

September 26, 2017 Tuesday Journal #11 I think that Elizabeth holding a grudge on john is the right thing to do. Elizabeth has a right to hold a grudge because john had cheated on her with Abigail. September 27, 2017 Wednesday Journal #12 The summary of act 2, Elizabeth proctor was being cold hearted to john proctor, john was trying to butter Elizabeth up and then john was furious whenever Elizabeth kept doubting him. Then Mary warren came back to the house and told the proctors that there was 39 people accused of witchcraft. Mary warren had told Elizabeth proctor that she had saved her life today, because Elizabeth was accused of witchcraft. Then Elizabeth was freaking out because she was afraid she was gonna get hanged because of witchcraft. Elizabeth was getting upset with john because he wouldn't go to the courts to tell them that all of this was an act. September 29, 2017 Friday Journal #13 Abigail is a psychotic, manipulative little girl. I think that john will win because man's word against a woman's word is more likely to be more believable whenever it comes to crimes. John will win because he has more evidence against Abigail. I think Abigail

Overview of the First Battle of Panipat

Overview of the First Battle of Panipat Trumpeting, their eyes wide with panic, the elephants turned back and charged into their own troops, crushing scores of men underfoot. Their opponents had brought a terrifying new technology to bear, something the elephants likely had never heard before Background to the First Battle of Panipat Indias invader, Babur, was the scion of the great Central Asian conqueror-families; his father was a descendant of Timur, while his mothers family traced its roots back to Genghis Khan. His father died in 1494, and the 11-year-old Babur became the ruler of Farghana (Fergana), in what is now the border area between Afghanistan and Uzbekistan. However, his uncles and cousins fought Babur for the throne, forcing him to abdicate twice. Unable to hold on to Farghana or take Samarkand, the young prince gave up on the family seat, turning south to capture Kabul instead in 1504. Babur was not satisfied for long with ruling over Kabul and the surrounding districts alone, however. Throughout the early sixteenth century, he made several incursions northward into his ancestral lands but never was able to hold them for long. Discouraged, by 1521, he had set his sights on lands further to the south instead: Hindustan (India), which was under the rule of the Delhi Sultanate and Sultan Ibrahim Lodi. The Lodi dynasty was actually the fifth and final of the Delhi Sultanates ruling families during the late medieval period. The Lodi family were ethnic Pashtuns who took control over a large section of northern India in 1451, reunifying the area after Timurs devastating invasion in 1398. Ibrahim Lodi was a weak and tyrannical ruler, disliked by the nobility and commoners alike. In fact, the noble families of the Delhi Sultanate despised him to such a degree that they actually invited Babur to invade! The Lodi ruler would have trouble preventing his troops from defecting to Baburs side during the fighting, as well. Battle Forces and Tactics Baburs Mughal forces consisted of between 13,000 and 15,000 men, mostly horse cavalry. His secret weapon was 20 to 24 pieces of field artillery, a relatively recent innovation in warfare. Arrayed against the Mughals were Ibrahim Lodis 30,000 to 40,000 soldiers, plus tens of thousands of camp followers. Lodis primary weapon of shock and awe was his troop of war elephants, numbering anywhere from 100 to 1,000 trained and battle-hardened pachyderms, according to different sources. Ibrahim Lodi was no tactician; his army simply marched out in a disorganized block, relying on sheer numbers and the aforementioned elephants to overwhelm the enemy. Babur, however, employed two tactics unfamiliar to Lodi, which turned the tide of the battle. The first was tulughma, dividing a smaller force into forward left, rear left, forward right, rear right, and center divisions. The highly mobile right and left divisions peeled out and surrounded the larger enemy force, driving them towards the center. At the center, Babur arrayed his cannons. The second tactical innovation was Baburs use of carts, called araba. His artillery forces were shielded behind a row of carts which were tied together with leather ropes, to prevent the enemy from getting between them and attacking the artillerymen. This tactic was borrowed from the Ottoman Turks. The Battle of Panipat After conquering the Punjab region (which today is divided between northern India and Pakistan), Babur drove on toward Delhi. Early on the morning of April 21, 1526, his army met the Delhi sultans at Panipat, now in Haryana State, about 90 kilometers north of Delhi. Using his tulughma formation, Babur trapped the Lodi army in a pincer motion. He then used his cannons to great effect; the Delhi war elephants had never heard such a loud and terrible noise, and the spooked animals turned around and ran through their own lines, crushing Lodis soldiers as they ran. Despite these advantages, the battle was a close contest given the Delhi Sultanates overwhelming numerical superiority. As the bloody encounter dragged on toward midday, however, more and more of Lodis soldiers defected to Baburs side. Finally, the tyrannical sultan of Delhi was abandoned by his surviving officers  and left to die on the battlefield from his wounds. The Mughal upstart from Kabul had prevailed. The Aftermath of the Battle According to the Baburnama, Emperor Baburs autobiography, the Mughals killed 15,000 to 16,000 of the Delhi soldiers. Other local accounts put the total losses at closer to 40,000 or 50,000. Of Baburs own troops, some 4,000 were killed in the battle. There is no record of the elephants fate. The First Battle of Panipat is a crucial turning point in the history of India. Although it would take time for Babur and his successors to consolidate control over the country, the defeat of the Delhi Sultanate was a major step towards the establishment of the Mughal Empire, which would rule India until it was defeated in turn by the British Raj in 1868. The Mughal path to the empire was not smooth. Indeed, Baburs son Humayan lost the entire kingdom during his reign  but was able to regain some territory before his death. The empire was truly solidified by Baburs grandson, Akbar the Great; later successors included the ruthless Aurangzeb and Shah Jahan, the creator of the Taj Mahal. Sources Babur, Emperor of Hindustan, trans. Wheeler M. Thackston. The Baburnama: Memoirs of Babur, Prince, and Emperor, New York: Random House, 2002.Davis, Paul K. 100 Decisive Battles: From Ancient Times to the Present, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.Roy, Kaushik. Indias Historic Battles: From Alexander the Great to Kargil, Hyderabad: Orient Black Swan Publishing, 2004.

Learn Chemistry - Help, Tutorials, Problems Quizzes

Learn Chemistry - Help, Tutorials, Problems Quizzes Learn chemistry! Get chemistry help, tutorials, example problems, self-quizzes, and chemistry tools so you can learn the concepts of general chemistry. Introduction to ChemistryLearn about what chemistry is and how the science of chemistry is studied.What Is Chemistry?What Is the Scientific Method? Math BasicsMath is used in all the sciences, including chemistry. To learn chemistry, you need to understand algebra, geometry, and some trig, as well as be able to work in scientific notation and perform unit conversions.Accuracy Precision ReviewSignificant FiguresScientific NotationPhysical ConstantsMetric Base UnitsTable of Derived Metric UnitsMetric Unit PrefixesUnit CancellingTemperature ConversionsExperimental Error Calculations Atoms and MoleculesAtoms are the basic building blocks of matter. Atoms join together to form compounds and molecules. Learn about the parts of the atom and how atoms form bonds with other atoms.Basic Model of the AtomBohr ModelAtomic Mass Atomic Mass NumberTypes of Chemical BondsIonic vs Covalent BondsRules for Assigning Oxidation NumbersLewis Structures and Electron Dot ModelsIntroduction to Molecular GeometryWhat Is a Mole?More About Molecules MolesLaw of Multiple Proportions StoichiometryStoichiometry describes the proportions between atoms in molecules and reactants/products in chemical reactions. Learn about how matter reacts in predictable ways so that you can balance chemical equations.Types of Chemical ReactionsHow to Balance EquationsHow to Balance Redox ReactionsGram to Mole ConversionsLimiting Reactant Theoretical YieldMole Relations in Balanced EquationsMass Relations in Balanced Equations States of MatterThe states of matter are defined by the structure of matter as well as whether it has a fixed shape and volume. Learn about the different states and how matter transforms itself from one state to another.States of MatterPhase Diagrams Chemical ReactionsOnce you have learned about atoms and molecules, youre ready to examine the type of chemical reactions that can occur.Reactions in WaterTypes of Inorganic Chemical Reactions Periodic TrendsThe properties of the elements exhibit trends based on the structure of their electrons. The trends or periodicity can be used to make predictions about the nature of the elements.Periodic Properties TrendsElement Groups SolutionsIts important to understand how mixtures behave.Solutions, Suspensions, Colloids, DispersionsCalculating Concentration GasesGases exhibit special properties based on having no fixed size or shape.Introduction to Ideal GasesIdeal Gas LawBoyles LawCharles LawDaltons Law of Partial Pressures Acids BasesAcids and bases are concerned with the actions of hydrogen ions or protons in aqueous solutions.Acid Base DefinitionsCommon Acids BasesStrength of Acids BasesCalculating pHBuffersSalt FormationHenderson-Hasselbalch EquationTitration BasicsTitration Curves Thermochemistry Physical ChemistryLearn about the relationships between matter and energy.Laws of ThermochemistryStandard State ConditionsCalorimetry, Heat Flow and EnthalphyBond Energy Enthalpy ChangeEndothermic Exothermic ReactionsWhat Is Absolute Zero? KineticsMatter is always in motion! Learn about the motion of atoms and molecules, or kinetics.Factors that Affect Reaction RateCatalystsChemical Reaction Order Atomic Electronic StructureMuch of the chemistry that you learn is associated with electronic structure, since electrons can move around much more easily than protons or neutrons.Valences of the ElementsAufbau Principle Electronic StructureElectron Configuration of the ElementsAufbau Principle Electronic StructureNernst EquationQuantum Numbers Electron OrbitalsHow Magnets Work Nuclear ChemistryNuclear chemistry is concerned with the behavior of protons and neutrons in the atomic nucleus.Radiation RadioactivityIsotopes Nuclear SymbolsRate of Radioactive DecayAtomic Mass Atomic AbundanceCarbon-14 Dating Chemistry Practice Problems Index of Worked Chemistry Problems Printable Chemistry Worksheets Chemistry Quizzes How to Take a Test Atom Basics Quiz Atomic Structure Quiz Acids Bases Quiz Chemical Bonds Quiz Changes in State Quiz Compound Naming Quiz Element Number Quiz Element Picture Quiz Units of Measurement Quiz General Chemistry Tools Periodic Table Chemistry Glossary Chemical Structures - Find the structures for molecules, compounds, and functional groups.

Safety Legislation Writing Project #2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Safety Legislation Writing Project #2 - Essay Example This will involve educating the employees on the hazardous chemicals and how to avoid their impacts while they are undertaking their duties. As depicted by 29 CFR 1910.1200, my focus will be to ensure that all the employees are aware on how to undertake a first aid process before a medical attention is sought. The second step is to initiate an emergency action plan. Thirdly, is to establish a fire safety plan. In this way, fire related incidents will be dealt with in an appropriate way. My fourth step would be to come up with an exit route. In this way, my organisation will be compliant with OSHA requirements of establishing an exit route in every building (United States Department of labor 14). Fifthly, I would establish a walking surface. Such surfaces will be vital in reducing the number of accidents that may be as a result of falls and slips. My sixth step would be to establish a first aid kit. In this way, employees who may be injured in the cause of their duties will have an op portunity to be treated before going for further medical check up. Safety profession involves offering appropriate protection to all the employees against any kind of harm while undertaking their daily duties. By use of various aspects from different fields such as health, education, psychology and engineering among others, safety professionals are paramount in preventing occurrences of accidents in an organisation. One of the major fields that are imperative in ensuring that matters relating to safety profession are well addressed is the safety science. Safety science involves all activities that are undertaken to prevent accidents, illnesses, explosions and fire among other events that may harm employees and the environment. In the same way, safety science gives the safety professionals skills to evaluate and identify hazards in the work places. Additionally, safety science provides effective methods that managers should use in setting policies that relate to safety. In

Human rights essay. none should be subjected to torture or to cruel, Essay

Human rights . none should be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment - Essay Example The introduction contains an illustration of the history and evolution of torture in society and its contribution to the modelling of modern laws and possible future legislations. It also offers a brief look into the various forms of torture and the rationale and justification according to the times during which they happened and a convincing argument of their illogic and unjustly nature despite the immaturity of human laws at those times. The Introduction will also contain modern laws that are akin to torture and reasons why such laws should be reviewed. A brief summary of case scenarios in history of human punishment and the violation of human dignity through degradation, by action, writing or word of mouth will be highlighted. The conclusion will be a summation of the relevance and justification of the rights of all citizens against torture , inhumane ,derogatory treatment and punishment .It espouses a final view of the paper and its end remark as pertains to the essay`s ethical ,social and political spheres. Human torture is defined as the intentional cause of pain either physically, mentally or psychologically, causing injury to an individual who is in most circumstances under the control of the person causing the damage against his or her will (Donnelly 2008, p. 4). The act is aimed at obtaining certain information concerning another person or about the individual being tortured, as a form of repayment for either a past deed or for an action not done, as a form of threat or fright to force an individual to either do or not to do something. An act is usually considered torturous if such when done with the knowledge of or simple consent of an official in a state or non-state organized movement. Torture occurs in various forms .The length of time over which the torture lasts depends on a varied number of factors such as the type, the ability of the individual being tortured to resist the process, the frequent

A Problem Exists Essay Example for Free

A Problem Exists Essay My Assignment 4 Persuasive Paper Part 1: A Problem Exists, will inform of the author’s thesis on this paper. Additionally, the history of gun laws will also be incorporated in this paper. Moreover, this report will speak on several issues and or problems that author looks upon as unfavorable achievements, promoted by gun laws. Lastly, a conclusion for possible improvements if concealed weapons laws were not permitted will be included in this report. As we view the news and read newspaper articles, there continues to be ongoing stories and articles of school and workplace shootings and hostile environments. It appears that individuals of society are even lashing out at the innocent, when things are not done as they may see fit. For example Sandy Hook shooting took the lives of many innocent children, who victims of a troubled individual. Due to the excessive murders that are being committed in schools and workplaces, at this time, the author still agrees that citizens should not be allowed to carry concealed weapons to schools, or the workplace. Georgia actually created the first gun control law in 1837. This Georgia law banned handguns. However it was not long lived, because eight years later The Georgia Supreme Court deemed it unconstitutional and cited the Second Amendment as its basis for this determination. The Second Amendment states â€Å"the right of the people to keep and bear arms (U. S. Const. amend. II, 1791). After the Civil War, Black Codes in several Southern States sought to prevent blacks from owning and carrying guns. That essentially ended in 1868, with the Fourteenth Amendment’s citizenship guarantee and equal rights clause† (Goforth, 2013). Since then numerous laws have been debated and created. The first problem with the right to carry conceals weapon within the school is the potential environmental concern for continuous mass murders. For informational purposes, â€Å"We will begin with the definition of mass murder as four or more murders at a single location (a school, workplace, home or public place)† (Hillshafer, 2013). There have been three significant mass school murders in the past 14 years. They are the 1999 Columbine High School Massacre, the 2007 Virginia Tech Shootings and the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting. In the author’s opinion had the administration been allowed to carry concealed weapons the total of murders would have been escalated. Hostile environments more than likely create hostile situations and altercations. â€Å"The likely explanation that Concealed Carry plus Stand Your Ground laws result in 600 more deaths per year is that a young man with a concealed weapon in an argument is more likely to escalate the dispute and think he is standing his ground† (Hillshafer, 2013). As the year 2013 begun there continues to be great debate and political issues on what the gun laws should be or what the laws should cover. In January, 2013 it was written â€Å"The great American gun fight began this month with handshakes and smiles in a reunion of old foes at the Vice President’s ceremonial office† (Schered, 2013). This statement helps to enlighten us on the ongoing political rivalry that continues amongst our candidates. Our American leaders should put focus on what will really save lives on the American people instead of what will make them more famous, prominent or a great candidate amongst the people. As we all maybe aware our country entered a recessional period in the year of 2008. At this time there were numerous lay-offs, â€Å"Nationwide economic recession, which has led to cities and governmental organizational laying-off police and law enforcement personnel† (Nykodym et al. , 2011). This was a period where economic issues were examined thoroughly and everyone was in search of a means to increase revenue. Those layoffs led to increased crime rates in cities, which the author believes were then used for economic gain. â€Å"Record high rates of concealed firearm carry permits issued to the public, motivated by a well-organized social movement for Second Amendment Constructionism, accompanied by increases in firearms and ammunition sales such that many dealers cannot meet customer demand† (Nykodym et al. , 2011). This is unthinkable, but true the unfortunate layoffs boosted our economy on a different level. The author beliefs are that it wrong to take someone else’s misfortune for personal gains. In this situation, it could also cause the death of many innocent victims, because of the high rate of gun sales. In conclusion many aspects were discussed. Such as hostile environments, and the possibility of escalating violence with concealed weapons being present. Additionally, political gains were discussed on how candidates use gun laws as a chance for recognition. And the third point was the unfortunate economic use of gun laws. Perhaps if concealed weapons are not allowed, escalated incidents would not arrive, because defendants/victims would not have that extra boost which causes an occurrence to end with gun fire. If candidates concentrate on the prestige of human lives and not political gain our society could be populated with more individuals who were killed due to unfavorable gun laws. And finally, maybe society should concentrate more on what would be ethically or morally suitable, such as the welfare of all humans. We as humans should stop looking for personal gain in every event that happens along the way.